S19 called me yesterday. One of his classes this semester was a history class that he took to fulfill one of his breadth requirements. Didn't realize it was an upper-division course when he registered for it. The teacher said freshmen and sophomores could stay, but warned them that the term paper, based on original historical sources, would be difficult and they would be expected to perform at the level of the juniors and seniors in the class.
S opted to stay in the class - and just got his term paper back - B+!!! Pretty good for a freshman's first term paper, in an upper division course, which is not his major!
Hopefully this will energize him for those nasty chem and calculus finals he's facing next week.