"In talking with friends/family, the conclusion many of them have drawn as to why he hasn't or won't leave is that he loves me and wants to work things out but doesn't know how to verbalize that or take action to do that. "
This is the stupidest f-ing thing I ever heard. Note to self: DON'T rely on your friends and family for advice, they're idiots!
If this is how he felt, he would have DONE something for your birthday. He hasn't left yet because he's got no money and no place to go and he's completely incapable of forming any kind of plan for his life.
