BBJ, I guess in the context of Kalni's paragraph the word repentance means to ask for forgiveness. What your pastor is saying is that repentance without true restorative actions is empty. Perhaps this is the dilemma for so many of us as LBS. Our S's can say they are sorry and can ask for forgiveness but until we actually witness those restorative actions the repentance is still empty and without meaning. Kalni, perhaps this is your dilemma?